C#基础知识之sealed 修饰符是干什么的?

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sealed 修饰符表示密封,用于类时,表示该类不能再被继承,不能和 abstract 同时使用,因为这两个修饰符在含义上互相排斥,用于方法和属性时,表示该方法或属性不能再被继承,必须和 override 关键字一起使用,因为使用 sealed 修饰符的方法或属性肯定是基类中相应的虚成员,通常用于实现第三方类库时不想被客户端继承,或用于没有必要再继承的类以防止滥用继承造成层次结构体系混乱,恰当的利用 sealed 修饰符也可以提高一定的运行效率,因为不用考虑继承类会重写该成员
示例:
- using System;
 - using System.Collections.Generic;
 - using System.Text;
 - namespace Example06 {
 - class Program {
 - class A {
 - public virtual void F(){
 - Console.WriteLine("A.F");
 - }
 - public virtual void G(){
 - Console.WriteLine("A.G");
 - }
 - class B : A {
 - public sealed override void F(){
 - Console.WriteLine("B.F");
 - }
 - public override void G(){
 - Console.WriteLine("B.G");
 - }
 - class C : B { public override void G(){
 - Console.WriteLine("C.G");
 - }
 - static void Main(string[] args){
 - new A()。F();new A()。G();
 - new B()。F();new B()。G();
 - new C()。F();new C()。G();
 - Console.ReadLine();
 - }
 
C#基础知识之override 和 overload 的区别?
override 表示重写,用于继承类对基类中虚成员的实现,overload 表示重载,用于同一个类中同名方法不同参数(包括类型不同或个数不同)的实现
示例:
- using System;
 - using System.Collections.Generic;
 - using System.Text;
 - namespace Example07 {
 - class Program {
 - class BaseClass {
 - public virtual void F(){
 - Console.WriteLine("BaseClass.F");
 - }
 - class DeriveClass : BaseClass {
 - public override void F(){
 - base.F();
 - Console.WriteLine("DeriveClass.F");
 - }
 - public void Add(int Left, int Right){
 - Console.WriteLine("Add for Int: {0}", Left + Right);
 - }
 - public void Add(double Left, double Right){
 - Console.WriteLine("Add for int: {0}", Left + Right);
 - }
 - static void Main(string[] args){
 - DeriveClass tmpObj = new DeriveClass();
 - tmpObj.F();
 - tmpObj.Add(1, 2);
 - tmpObj.Add(1.1, 2.2);
 - Console.ReadLine();
 - }
 
C#基础知识之什么是索引指示器?
实现索引指示器(indexer)的类可以象数组那样使用其实例后的对象,但与数组不同的是索引指示器的参数类型不仅限于int,简单来说,其本质就是一个含参数属性
示例:
- using System;
 - using System.Collections.Generic;
 - using System.Text;
 - namespace Example08 {
 - public class Point {
 - private double x, y;
 - public Point(double X, double Y){
 - x = X;y = Y;
 - }
 - //重写ToString方法方便输出
 - public override string ToString(){
 - return String.Format("X: {0} , Y: {1}", x, y);
 - }
 - public class Points {
 - Point[] points;public Points(Point[] Points){
 - points = Points;
 - }
 - public int PointNumber {
 - get {
 - return points.Length;
 - }
 - //实现索引访问器public Point this[int Index] {
 - get { return points[Index];
 - }
 - //感谢watson hua(http://huazhihao.cnblogs.com/)的指点
 - //索引指示器的实质是含参属性,参数并不只限于int class WeatherOfWeek {
 - public string this[int Index] {
 - get {
 - //注意case段使用return直接返回所以不需要break switch (Index){
 - case 0:{
 - return "Today is cloudy!";
 - }
 - case 5:{
 - return "Today is thundershower!";
 - }
 - default:{
 - return "Today is fine!";
 - }
 - public string this[string Day] {
 - get {
 - string TodayWeather = null;
 - //switch的标准写法switch (Day){
 - case "Sunday":{
 - TodayWeather = "Today is cloudy!";break;
 - }
 - case "Friday":{
 - TodayWeather = "Today is thundershower!";
 - break;
 - }
 - default:{
 - TodayWeather = "Today is fine!";break;
 - }
 - return TodayWeather;
 - }
 - class Program {
 - static void Main(string[] args){
 - Point[] tmpPoints = new Point[10];
 - for (int i = 0; i < tmpPoints.Length; i++){
 - tmpPoints[i] = new Point(i, Math.Sin(i));
 - }
 - Points tmpObj = new Points(tmpPoints);
 - for (int i = 0; i < tmpObj.PointNumber; i++){
 - Console.WriteLine(tmpObj[i]);}
 - string[] Week = new string[] {
 - "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Staurday"
 - }
 - WeatherOfWeek tmpWeatherOfWeek = new WeatherOfWeek();
 - for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++){
 - Console.WriteLine(tmpWeatherOfWeek[i]);
 - }
 - foreach (string tmpDay in Week){
 - Console.WriteLine(tmpWeatherOfWeek[tmpDay]);
 - }
 - Console.ReadLine();
 - }
 
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